TRIPLE STAINS

TriView™ Breast

Applications:  The combination of CK 5/6, p63, and CK8/18 is useful in distinguishing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) from microinvasive breast carcinoma.  This combination is also useful in deciphering between radial scar and infiltrating carcinoma.

CK 5/6 (cytoplasmic brown) and p63 (nuclear/brown) stain myoepithelial cells, while CK8/18 labels the cytoplasm (cytoplasmic/red) of ductal or lobular epithelium.

Pan Melanoma

Applications:  The combination of Melan A, tyrosinase, and S-100 increases sensitivity for melanomas. This triple stain also allows for conservation of limited tissue on skin biopsies. 

Melan-A (MART-1) and tyrosinase both stain DAB (brown) cytoplasmic.  Melan A is a useful addition to melanoma profiles as it has been shown to be specific for melanocytic lesions. Studies have also shown that Melan A is more sensitive than HMB45 when labeling metastatic melanomas.

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme involved in the initial stages of melanin biosynthesis and has been shown to be more sensitive than HMB45 and Melan A. It has also been shown to label a higher percentage of desmoplastic melanomas than HMB45.

S-100  (red/nuclear) and stains Schwannomas, ependymomas, astrogliomas, and almost all benign and malignant melanomas and their metastases.  S-100 protein is also expressed in the antigen-presenting cells, such as the Langerhans cells in skin and interdigitating reticulum cells in the paracortex of lymph nodes.

TriView™ Prostate

Applications:  The combination of p504s, p63, and CK903 (PIN-4) can be useful in diagnosing prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and/or prostate carcinoma, especially in difficult cases with limited tissue.

p504s stains cytoplasm (cytoplasmic/red) in prostate adenocarcinoma and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and p63 (nuclear/brown) and CK903, a high molecular weight cytokeratin, (cytoplasmic/brown) stain basal cells of normal and benign prostate glands.